Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer,
with over two million cases being diagnosed every year in the United States
alone. This type of cancer is slow
growing and rarely spreads to other parts of the body. If left untreated, however, it can cause disfigurement by invading and
damaging the surrounding nerves and tissues. Most cases of BCC are caused by cumulative UV exposure but can also occur in areas that are protected
from the sun.
Basal cells line the deepest layer of the epidermis. They are responsible for producing new skin
cells to replace the dead ones that are regularly sloughed off. With enough UV damage, these cells produce
skin cells at an abnormal, uncontrolled rate.
BCCs often look like open sores, red
patches, pearly pink growths, or scars.
Since they can take on such a variety of appearances, a biopsy is the
only reliable way to make a definitive diagnosis.
Nodular:
The most common type of BCC. Usually presents as a round, pearly growth
with rolled edges that may be pigmented (brown) or have small blood vessels on
the surface.
Superficial: A
less common form of BCC. Looks like a
crusty red patch with a threadlike waxy border.
Is often mistaken for other skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis.
Fibrosing
or Sclerotic: A fairly uncommon
type of BCC. Appears ivory-white, is flat
or slightly depressed like a scar, and feels firm
to the touch. Difficult
to excise because it is often infiltrative and has indistinct margins.
